Graduation

Graduation (卒業 Sotsugyou) is a term used to refer to when a member of AKB48, Sakamichi Series, SNH48 and their respective national and international sister groups leaves their respective group. The term is not exclusive to these groups, and is used by other idol groups as well.

Graduation Process

1. Announcement

Members usually announce their graduation from the group as a surprise announcement at the end of theater performances. The date of the member's final performance is usually decided by management at a later time.

Other methods of graduation announcement include (but are not limited to):

• Announcement at AKB48-related concerts and events (Examples: Maeda Atsuko, Shinoda Mariko, Kawaei Rina, Takahashi Minami)
• Announcement on television programs (Examples: Oshima Yuko, Itano Tomomi, Miyazawa Sae)
• Announcement through a newspaper (Example: Kuramochi Asuka, Nakamura Mariko, Shiraishi Mai)
• Announcement through radio shows (Example: Matsui Rena, Hashimoto Nanami)
• Announcement through web shows (Example: Matsumura Sayuri)
• Announcement through social networking sites (Examples: Akimoto Sayaka, Yagami Kumi)
• Announcement through a YouTube video (Example: Nozawa Rena)
• Announcement through SHOWROOM broadcast (Example: Tano Yuka)
• Announcement through a music video (Example: Hori Miona)
• Official announcement from management (Example: Sato Natsuki)
• Announcement through a press conference (Example: Shimazaki Haruka)
• Announcement from the official site (Example: Ashley Cloud Garcia, Hirate Yurina)
• Announcement through a blog post (Example: Fukagawa Mai, Nishino Nanase)

Reasons for graduation can vary. Common reasons include:

• Choosing to focus on studies
• Poor health
• Pursuing a career in show-business outside the AKB48 Group
• Personal reasons

2. The Ceremony

The graduation ceremony for a graduating member of AKB48, SNH48, and their respective sister groups, usually consists of a final theater performance. After this performance the member takes down her picture from the portrait wall of the theater. Senbatsu members often get segments of concerts dedicated to their graduation in addition to a theater ceremony. In rare cases, a full concert can be dedicated to and named after the graduating member/s if the member is highly significant to the group.
(See: List of Graduation Concerts)

In some cases, graduated members are still obligated to attend handshake events after their final performance at the theater. This most often occurs when the tickets were sold before the member announced her graduation.

Graduated members can sometimes be invited to perform in commemorative concerts or special theater shows, even after their graduation.

3. Withdrawal (「辞退」・「活動辞退」)

This term can be used for members who chose to leave the group without a graduation ceremony. This most often occurs when a scandal involving the member surfaces, such as in the cases of Yonezawa Rumi, Hirajima Natsumi, Masuda Yuka, Harada Mayu, Tsuji Nozomi, and Yokono Sumire. It can also be used for kenkyuusei scheduled for promotion or debut but leave the group anyway, such as Mitsumune Kaoru, Fujimoto Mitsuki, Maemura Himea, and Nakajima Hikari. However, the term can still be used as a neutral way to announce leaving the group, such as with Uemura Azusa and Hirate Yurina.

4. Dismissal (「解雇」・「契約解除」)

(See Also List of Members who were Punished for Violating Rules)

This term is used for members who are forced to leave the group after breaking a group or contract rule.

Return

A graduated member can return to the group she graduated from or to a sister or rival group. However, this is usually limited due to the age limit of auditions. Currently, a total of 16 members returned to AKB48 Group or Sakamichi Series after their graduation:

• Kikuchi Ayaka, originally an AKB48 3rd generation member, returned as an AKB48 7th generation member.
• Muranaka Satomi, originally an AKB48 4th generation member, returned as an AKB48 8th generation member.
• Fujimoto Sara, originally an AKB48 4th generation member, returned as an AKB48 9th generation member.
• Deguchi Aki, originally an AKB48 4th generation member, returned as an SKE48 1st generation member.
• Saeki Mika, originally an AKB48 4th generation member, returned as a Baito AKB member.
• Suzuki Shihori, originally an AKB48 7th generation member, returned as an AKB48 11th generation member.
• Nishikawa Nanami, originally an AKB48 8th generation member, returned as a Nogizaka46 2nd generation member.
• Jo Eriko, originally an NMB48 2nd generation member, returned as an NMB48 4.5th generation member.
• Tojima Hana and Komatani Hitomi, originally AKB48 1st generation members, returned as SDN48 3rd generation members.
• Takano Yui and Miaki Riho, originally NMB48 members, returned as Yoshimotozaka46 1st generation members.
• Wang RuiQi, originally an SHY48 2nd generation member, returned as an SHY48 4th generation member.
• Lin Yu-hsin, originally an AKB48 Taiwan Audition Understudent, returned as a TPE48 1st generation member.
• Kitagawa Yuri, originally an AKB48 3rd Draft generation member, returned as a Nogizaka46 4th generation member.
• Chou Chia-an, originally an AKB48 Taiwan Audition Understudent, returned as an AKB48 Team TP 2nd generation member.
• Han JiaLe, originally an SHY48 1st generation member, returned as an SNH48 Trainee.
• Xu ShiQi, originally an SNH48 7th generation member, returned as an SNH48 Trainee.
• Zuo JingYuan, originally an SNH48 6th generation member and a former GNZ48 Team NIII member, returned as an SNH48 Trainee.
• Mariz Iyog, originally an MNL48 1st generation member, returned as an MNL48 3rd generation member.
• Made Devi Ranita Ningtara, originally a JKT48 4th generation member, returned as a KLP48 1st generation member.

Graduated and Graduating Members in 2024

Many members have graduated from the 48 Group since its formation. A full list of members who have graduated can be found here
Below is a list of members who graduated or announced their graduation in 2024 (some cases in 2023) specifically.
Bolded names denote members who have yet to graduate since their announcement.

AKB48 Asai Nanami (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Onishi Momoka (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Okabe Rin (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Otake Hitomi (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Oda Erina (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Kashiwagi Yuki (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Kohama Kokone (Regular Members) Komiyama Haruka (Regular Members) Saito Haruna (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Sasaki Yukari (Regular Members) Sato Minami (Regular Members) Shinozaki Ayana (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Shimoguchi Hinana (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Taniguchi Megu (Regular Members) Honda Hitomi (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Ma Chia-Ling (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) Mogi Shinobu (Regular Members) (Announced in 2023) SKE48 Otani Yuki (Team S) (Announced in 2023) Takeuchi Nanami (Team S) (Announced in 2023) Aoki Shiori (Team KII) Kawashima Miharu (Team KII) Kitano Ruka (Team KII) Mizuno Airi (Team KII) Saito Makiko (Team E) Takahata Yuki (Team E) Tani Marika (Team E) Hayashi Mirei (Team E) Fukushi Nao (Team E) (Announced in 2023) NMB48 Ishida Yuumi (Team N) Satsuki Aika (Team N) Nihei Manami (Team N) Uno Mizuki (Team M) Jonishi Rei (Team M) Hara Karen (Team M) Matsuno Mio (Team M) Hayakawa Yuna (Team M) Maeda Reiko (Team M) (Announced in 2023) Asao Momoka (Team BII) (Announced in 2023) Yamamoto Hikaru (Team BII) Sakamoto Reio (Kenkyuusei) Furukawa Yukino (Kenkyuusei) HKT48 Aramaki Misaki (Team H) Sakai Moeka (Team H) Mogami Nanaka (Team H) Matsuoka Hana (Team KIV) Yamashita Emiri (Team KIV) NGT48 Nara Miharu (1st Generation) Homma Hinata (1st Generation) (Announced in 2023) Ogoe Haruka (2nd Generation) Kawagoe Saaya (2nd Generation) (Announced in 2023) Sogabe Yume (2nd Generation) Furusawa Mana (2nd Generation) (Announced in 2023) Mashimo Kaho (2nd Generation) Arai Ririno (3rd Generation) Hase Sumomo (3rd Generation) (Announced in 2023) Minamikawa Haruka (3rd Generation) STU48 Ishida Minami (1st Generation) Imamura Mitsuki (1st Generation) (Announced in 2023) Iwata Hina (1st Generation) Mineyoshi Arisa (1st Generation) Morishita Maiha (1st Generation) Oki Yuka (3rd Draft) (Announced in 2023) Kojima Aiko (2nd Generation) Suzuki Ayaka (2nd Generation) Rissen Momoka (2nd Generation) Kabeshima Yuika (3rd Generation) Iwasaki Kasumi (Kenkyuusei) Kajiwara Miu (Kenkyuusei) Shimizu Risako (Kenkyuusei) Hasegawa Noa (Kenkyuusei) Fujii Rie (Kenkyuusei)

Nogizaka46 Sakaguchi Tamami (3rd Generation) Yamashita Mizuki (3rd Generation) Kakehashi Sayaka (4th Generation) Seimiya Rei (4th Generation) Mukai Hazuki (3rd Generation) Sakurazaka46 Uemura Rina (1st Generation) Kobayashi Yui (1st Generation) (Announced in 2023) Saito Fuyuka (1st Generation) Hinatazaka46 Kato Shiho (1st Generation) Saito Kyoko (1st Generation) Takamoto Ayaka (1st Generation) Higashimura Mei (1st Generation) Nibu Akari (2nd Generation) Hamagishi Hiyori (2nd Generation)

JKT48 Adzana Shaliha (JKT48) (Announced in 2023) Azizi Asadel (JKT48) Reva Fidela (JKT48) Shani Indira Natio (JKT48) (Announced in 2023) Yessica Tamara (JKT48) (Announced in 2023) Aisa Maharani (Trainee) Jeane Victoria (Trainee) BNK48 Minmin (Team BIII) Myyu (Team BIII) Niky (Team BIII) Panda (Team BIII) Wee (Team BIII) Fond (Team NV) Gygee (Team NV) Khamin (Team NV) New (Team NV) Nine (Team NV) Paeyah (Team NV) Pakwan (Team NV) Phukkhom (Team NV) Ratah (Team NV) Satchan (Team NV) Stang (Team NV) Nana (Trainee) MNL48 Coleen (1st Generation) Lara (1st Generation) Princess (1st Generation) Miho (2nd Generation) AKB48 Team SH Li ShiQi (1st Generation) Wan FangZhou (1st Generation) Xu YiTing (1st Generation) Jian QiangWei (2nd Generation) Liang ShiAn (2nd Generation) Peng LuXuan (3rd Generation) Zeng Yi (4th Generation) Lu Xi (6th Generation) AKB48 Team TP Kuo Shin-yu (TIC TAC TOE) CGM48 Aom (Team C) Fortune (Team C) Izurina (Team C) Milk (Trainee) Papang (Trainee)

SNH48 Li Hui (Team SII) Ma YuLing (Team SII) Shao XueCong (Team SII) Zhu HanJia (Team SII) Liu ShuXian (Team NII) Liu Xian (Team NII) Su ShanShan (Team NII) Xu JiaJia (Team NII) Yan Qin (Team NII) Zhang HuaiJin (Team NII) Jiang Shan (Team HII) Yuan YiQi (Team HII) HeYang QingQing (Team X) Lv XiangYi (Team X) Wang YueYao (Team X) Xie TianYi (Team X) Zuo JingYuan (Team X) Zhang YiTing (Team X) Lu ChenXin (Trainee) Luo YingChen (Trainee) Wen BingBing (Trainee) Wang ZiShu (Trainee) Xia YiXin (Trainee) Zhang HanYin (Trainee) GNZ48 Luo KeJia (Team G) Li ShanShan (Team G) Yang RuoXi (Team G) Chen NanXi (Team NIII) Lu Jing (Team NIII) Liu QianQian (Team NIII) Wang Zi (Team NIII) Zeng Jia (Team NIII) Chen Ke (Team Z) Nong YanPing (Team Z) Lan YaXin (Trainee) Sun YuYuan (Trainee) BEJ48 Gao YuJin (Team B) Meng QingYu (Team B) Shen ZhiHan (Team B) Zhang XinRu (Team B) Chen ZhiFei (Team E) Li XinLe (Team E) Sun XiaoYan (Team E) CKG48 Gao XueYi (Team C) Luo YuTing (Team C) Peng YuHan (Team C) Zhao ZeHui (Team C) Yang TianLing (Team K) Zhang YuYe (Team K) Shen JiaLu (Trainee) CGT48 He YuXin (Team GII) (Announced in 2023)

Trivia

• The first member to graduate from the AKB48 group is Team A's Usami Yuki who graduated on March 31, 2006.
• In addition, mass graduations have occurred in several groups.
  • SDN48: Currently the largest mass graduation. All (39) members graduated together on March 31, 2012, following the group's disbandment.
  • MNL48: All 24 members that didn't ranked on the 2nd General Election were forced to graduate on May 1, 2019.
  • DEL48: All (22) members graduated on October 9, 2020, following the group's indefinite hiatus.
  • JKT48: 30 members left the group from March 11 to 14 2021, following the disbandment of all teams and JKT48 Academy.
  • SGO48: All (19) members graduated together on December 22, 2021, following the group's disbandment.
  • SHY48: 26 members left the group on January 19, 2019, following the group's disbandment.
  • CKG48: 26 members left the group on January 19, 2019, following the group's disbandment.
  • SNH48: 12 1st Generation members graduated on October 8, 2020, following contract expiration. These members were named Honorary Graduates.
  • BNK48: 19 1st Generation members graduated from the group on December 18, 2022.
  • BNK48: 14 2nd Generation members graduated from the group on April 30, 2024.
• The year 2021 had the largest number of graduated and graduating members.
  • 68 members from the Japanese 48 Group.
  • 16 members from the Sakamichi Series.
  • 90 from the overseas groups.
  • 58 from the SNH48 Group.
  • A total of 232 members from the combined numbers of AKB48 Group, Sakamichi Series, and SNH48 Group have either announced graduation or graduated.
• Record graduation announcements per group:
  • The year 2023 had the largest number of graduation announcements in AKB48 (41). This makes AKB48 also the group with the highest number of graduation announcements in a single year.
  • The year 2019 had the largest number of graduation announcements in SKE48 (15).
  • The year 2019 had the largest number of graduation announcements in NMB48 (17).
  • The year 2022 had the largest number of graduation announcements in HKT48 (15).
  • The year 2022 had the largest number of graduation announcements in NGT48 (10).
  • The year 2024 had the largest number of graduation announcements in STU48 (12).
  • The year 2019 had the largest number of graduation announcements in Nogizaka46 (9).
  • The year 2020 had the largest number of graduation announcements in Keyakizaka46 (6).
  • The year 2022 had the largest number of graduation announcements in Sakurazaka46 (5).
  • The year 2024 had the largest number of graduation announcements in Hinatazaka46 (6).
  • The year 2021 had the largest number of graduation announcements in Yoshimotozaka46 (15).
  • The year 2021 had the largest number of graduation announcements in JKT48 (32).
  • The year 2022 had the largest number of graduation announcements in BNK48 (21).
  • The year 2019 had the largest number of graduation announcements in MNL48 (26).
  • The year 2024 had the largest number of graduation announcements in AKB48 Team SH (7).
  • The year 2023 had the largest number of graduation announcements in AKB48 Team TP (19).
  • The year 2023 had the largest number of graduation announcements in CGM48 (3).
  • The year 2020 had the largest number of graduation announcements in SNH48 (28).
  • The years 2019 and 2024 had the largest number of graduation announcements in GNZ48 (11).
  • The year 2020 had the largest number of graduation announcements in BEJ48 (18).
  • The year 2021 had the largest number of graduation announcements in CKG48 (12).
  • The year 2023 had the largest number of graduation announcements in CGT48 (2).
  • The year 2022 had the largest number of graduation announcements in IDOLS Ft (5).